NEET 2012 Chemistry question

Among the following compounds the one that is most reactive towards electrophilic nitration is:

(1)Benzene
(2)Benzoic acid
(3)Nitrobenzene
(4)TolueneCorrect

Answer: (4)

Solution

Nitration is an electrophilic aromatic substitution, so the rate increases with electron density on the ring. The group in toluene is electron-releasing (+I effect and hyperconjugation) and activates the ring (ortho/para directing), making

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Question ID VK-091134