JEE Main Chemistry question

In III A group, thallium shows +1 oxidation state while other members show +3 oxidation state, why?

(A)Presence of lone pair of electron in Tl
(B)Large ionic radius of Tl ion
(C)Inert pair effectCorrect
(D)None of the above

Answer: (C)

Solution

The electron pair in thallium is reluctant to participate in bonding due to poor shielding/relativistic effects (the inert pair effect), so Tl favours the +1 state over +3. Ionic radius

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Question ID VK-138326