JEE Main Chemistry question

Nitration of aniline in a strongly acidic medium results in the formation of a significant amount of -nitroaniline also. This is because [Kerala CEE 2005]

(A)the amino group is -orienting during electrophilic substitution reaction
(B)the nitro group always goes to the position irrespective of the substituents
(C)nitration of aniline is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in strongly acidic medium
(D)in strongly acidic conditions aniline is present as the anilinium ionCorrect

Answer: (D)

Solution

In the strongly acidic nitrating mixture, aniline is protonated to the anilinium ion, ; the positively charged group is electron-withdrawing and acts as a (weak) meta-director, which is why a substantial fraction of -nitroaniline is obtained alongside the

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Question ID VK-150237